STEPHEN II. King of Hungary 1116-1131 Æ SILVER Denar Coin NGC-UNC + COA GGcoins

  
Medieval Reign: 1116 - 1131 AD. Crusades period / Hungary & Croatia / Æ SILVER Denar Coin. Certified NGC UNC / Size; 12mm / weight; 0.21gm. Obverse: Center Cross with four dots with four.

Hunks, tiny crosses at hunk junctions.. Reverse: Center Cross within inner line circle. Tiny straight lines between inner & outer circles..

Ref; Huszár 84, 85, 86, 87; ÉH#39. Ruled from 1116 until 1131. Had him crowned as a child, thus denying the crown to his uncle. In the first year of his reign. And Stephen never restored his rule in that province.

His reign was characterized by frequent wars with neighbouring countries. Stephen was crowned king by Archbishop. Within thirty days of his father's death.

His peaceful succession showed the effectiveness of the measures Coloman had implemented to prevent Álmos from usurping the throne. Upon his councilor's advice, Stephen initiated a meeting with. Vladislaus I, Duke of Bohemia.

In order to improve the countries' relations, which had deteriorated in the previous decade. The two monarchs met on the river Olsava, which marked the border of their realms. However, the lack of mutual confidence hindered the opening of negotiations, leading to armed conflicts which evolved into.

A battle on 13 May. On the battlefield, the Bohemian army inflicted a serious defeat on Stephen's troops.

Blamed the young king's advisors for the fiasco, but later medieval Hungarian chronicles - all completed under kings descending from Stephen's opponent, Álmos - wrote that the king acted without consulting his advisors... For he was of an impetuous nature. The Hungarian people are prodigious in energy, mighty in strength, and very powerful in military arms-sufficient to fight with a king of lands anywhere.

After the death of their king, Coloman, their princes sent to Duke Vladislav to renew and confirm with the new king, named Stephen, their ancient peace and friendship. Vladislav came to the River Olsava, which separates the realms of Hungary and Moravia. Immediately, the Hungarian people, innumerable as the sands or drops of rain, covered the whole surface of the land in the field of Lucsko, like locusts.

Woe to the land whose king is a child. Their princes, through their inborn pride in themselves, strayed from the duke's peaceful words and sent replies more to stir up strife than to bring the kiss of peace. Who had conquered an island in the. At the head of the. On 15 July, he vanquished the Hungarian troops which had arrived to relieve.

Thereafter all towns - including Biograd na Moru. Surrendered to Venice, terminating Stephen II's suzerainty along the coastline of the. However, in either 1117 or 1118, the Hungarian troops were able to defeat the Venetians, during which Ordelafo Faliero himself died at a battle near Zadar, enabling Biograd na Moru, Split, and Trogir to rejoin the sovereignty of the Hungarian monarch. Invaded and reconquered all Dalmatia. Which was concluded in 1117 or 1118, confirmed the. The seizure of Dalmatia by Venice. Stephen's troops launched a plundering raid into. In 1118, provoking a counter-attack by. Leopold III, Margrave of Austria. Borivoj II, Duke of Bohemia. Supported Leopold and pillaged the northwestern regions of the. Dethroned his brother Borivoj in 1120, Borivoj fled to Hungary and settled at Stephen's court.

Stephen married a daughter of. Historian Paul Stephenson wrote that Stephen's marriage alliance with the. Must have been partly directed against the Venetians.

S staunch supporters during the. Suggesting that his marriage also continued his father's pro-Papal foreign policy. According to Wlodzimierz Dworzaczek, Stephen in 1121 married Adelhaid, daughter of Heinrich, burgrave of Regensburg. Stephen's cousin and the daughter of his uncle Álmos. Arrived in Hungary in early 1123. According to Cosmas of Prague, Stephen kindly received her... Acknowledging her as his relative, which implies that his relations with his uncle were cordial around that time. In the same year, the young king launched a military expedition against the. In order to assist its expelled prince. Even though Sviatopolchich was assassinated at the beginning of the siege of his former seat.

Stephen decided to continue the war. However, according to the Illuminated Chronicle, his commanders threatened to dethrone him if he continued the aggression, forcing Stephen to lift the siege and return to Hungary. Stood up before the King and said: Lord, what is this thing which you are doing? If with the death of a multitude of your soldiers you take the castle, whom will you appoint as its lord? If you choose one among your nobles, he will not remain here.

Or do you wish to abandon your kingdom and yourself have the dukedom? We barons will not storm the castle. If you wish to storm it, storm it alone. We are returning to Hungary and we will choose for ourselves a king. Then by order of the nobles the heralds announced throughout the camp that the Hungarians should return as speedily as possible to Hungary. Taking advantage of the absence of the Venetian fleet from the Adriatic Sea because of a naval expedition in the. Stephen invaded Dalmatia in the first half of 1124. However, upon the return of the Venetian armada the Dalmatian towns once again surrendered, one after another. According to the Historia Ducum Veneticorum, only the citizens of Biograd na Moru...

Dared resist the doge and his army... Their city was razed to its foundations.

According to the Illuminated Chronicle, the blind Álmos, ... Fearing death at the hands of King Stephen... , fled to the Byzantine Empire.

Many of his partisans followed him, and Emperor. Settled them in a town in. Confirmed that the emperor looked upon Álmos... Favorably and received him with kindness. " He added that Stephen "sent his envoys to the emperor and demanded that...

Be expelled from the Byzantine Empire, but his request was rejected. The sources do not specify the date which Álmos's fled, but it likely occurred circa 1125. Historian Ferenc Makk wrote that Álmos was forced to flee from Hungary because he had taken advantage of Stephen's failures in Volhynia and Dalmatia, and conspired against Stephen. Stephen met Sobeslav, the new duke of Bohemia, in October 1126.

Their meeting brought an end to the hostilities between their two states. Around the same year, Stephen also concluded an agreement with Archbishop. According to the Byzantine chronicler. The citizens of the Byzantine town. "Attacked and plundered the Hungarians who had come to" the Byzantine Empire to trade, perpetrating the worst crimes against them.

In retaliation, Stephen decided to wage war against the Byzantine Empire. The Illuminated Chronicle relates that the childless Stephen...

So ordered the succession to the throne that after his death the son of his sister. The chronicle does not specify the date of this event, but Ferenc Makk says that Stephen most probably declared Saul as his heir during the first half of 1127, before storming the Byzantine Empire.

Stephen broke into the empire in the summer. And plundered the regions around. (Plovdiv, Bulgaria), before returning to Hungary. In response, Emperor John II marched against Hungary in 1128, where he defeated the royal troops in. The richest land in Hungary. Stephen was unable to participate in the fighting because "he happened to be sickly in body and was recuperating someplace in the midst of his land", according to John Kinnamos. The Illuminated Chronicle said that his illness was so serious that all expected his death.

" The chronicle added that "traitors" went so far as to elect two kings, the "Counts Bors and Ivan. Upon regaining his health, Stephen had Ivan executed and expelled Bors from his kingdom. John Kinnamos wrote of a second campaign by Stephen against the Byzantine Empire. The Hungarian troops, supported by.

Reinforcements under the command of Duke Vaclav of Olomouc, took Branicevo by storm and destroyed its fortress. Emperor John II Komnenos was forced to retreat and sue for peace.

Historian Ferenc Makk writes that the resulting peace treaty was signed in October 1129. Going to Branitshevo for a second time, [Emperor John] made haste to rebuild it.

Since some time elapsed in the task, the army, suffering from winter weather and lack of necessities, was in severe distress. When he learned this, the Hungarians' king decided to cross the Danube as quickly as possible and attack them unexpectedly. In the Hungarians' land, however, there was a woman, a Latin by birth, outstanding in wealth and other distinction. Sending to the emperor, she revealed what was being planned. Since he was unable to engage them with an equivalent force, because as stated his army had already been overcome by disease and lack of necessities, he fortified the city where possible and withdrew. For many years, Stephen believed that his cousin, Béla, had died after being blinded on the orders of Stephen's father. Having learnt, around 1129, that Béla was alive, the king... , according to the Illuminated Chronicle. He even granted Béla the town of. And arranged Béla's marriage with.

The Illuminated Chronicle recounts that Stephen showed blatant favoritism towards the "Comans", identified as. By historians, who had arrived in Hungary in the 1120s. In his last years, he even tolerated the crimes they committed against his subjects, causing a revolt.

Laid aside his royal state and took the habit of a monk... In the spring of 1131.

No source recorded the exact date of his death, but most of his biographies wrote that he died on 1 March. He was buried in the. Photos are of the actual coin that you will receive.. If there is any issue pertaining to your order from us, please. Message us directly and we will resolve the matter as timely & smoothly as.

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1. Denomination: Denar
2. Composition: Silver
3. Year: 1116-1131 AD
4. Certification Number: STEPHEN II. King of Hungary 1116-1131 Æ SILVER Denar Coin NGC
5. Grade: UNC
6. KM Number: STEPHEN II.

   King of Hungary 1116-1131 Æ SILVER Denar Coin NGC

7. Country/Region of Manufacture: Hungary
8. Certification: NGC